Object-oriented programming

Terminology

Namespace:

A container which allows developers to bundle all functionality under a unique, application-specific name.

Class:

Defines the characteristics of the object. It is a template definition of variables and methods of an object.

Object:

An Instance of a class.

Property (~variable):

An object characteristic, such as color.

Method (~function):

An object capability, such as walk. It is a subroutine or function associated with a class.

Constructor:

A method called at the moment of instantiation of an object. It usually has the same name as that of the class containing it.

Inheritance:

A class can inherit characteristics from another class.

Encapsulation:

A method of bundling the data and methods that use them together.

Abstraction:

The conjunction of complex inheritance, methods, properties of an object must be able to simulate a reality model.

Polymorphism:

Poly means many and morphism means forms. Different classes might define the same method or property.